HOW TO TREAT ACNE AND PREVENTION

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WHAT IS ACNE?

A condition resulting from clogged or plugged hair follicles present under the skin. It presents as small to large, red bumps on the skin which may be painful and pus-filled in some cases.















Symptoms & Reports
Contact your provider if experiencing new, severe, or persistent symptoms.

Acne commonly occurs on the face, chest, upper back, and shoulders.


Acne signs vary depending on the severity of your condition:

  • Whiteheads (closed plugged pores)
  • Blackheads (open plugged pores)
  • Small red, tender bumps (papules)
  • Pimples (pustules), which are papules with pus at their tips
  • Large, solid, painful lumps under the skin (nodules)
  • Painful, pus-filled lumps under the skin (cystic lesions)

Treatment options for acne include:

  • Topical medications (such as benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, and retinoids)
  • Oral medications (such as antibiotics and isotretinoin)
  • Hormonal therapy
  • Steroid injections
  • Regular cleansing and skin care
  • Consultation with a dermatologist for personalized recommendations.

Medication

Retinoids: Prevent clogging of hair follicles. Prescribed as topical or oral medication. To be taken under physician supervision only.

Tretinoin . Adapalene . Isotretinoin


Antibiotics: Prevent spread of bacterial infection. Prescribed as topical and oral medication.

Azithromycin . Tetracycline . Amoxicillin


Keratolytic agents: Promote skin exfoliation. Prescribed as topical agents.

Salicylic acid


Dicarboxylic acids: Reduces bacterial infection and inflammation. Prescribed as topical agents.

Azelaic acid


Sulfones: Reduces inflammation. Prescribed as topical or oral agents. Recommended in some cases.

Dapsone


Oral contraceptives: Helps control hormonal acne in women. Prescribed as oral agents. Recommended in some cases.

Estrogen/Progestin


Antiandrogens: Prevents the effect of androgen on oil glands in the skin. Prescribed as oral agents. Prescribed as oral agents. Recommended in some cases.

Spironolactone


Corticosteroids: Reduces inflammation. Prescribed as topical, oral or injection forms in severe acne.

Cortisone . Triamcinolone


Self-care

Always talk to your provider before starting anything.

  • Clean the affected area with a gentle cleanser.
  • Avoid contact with irritants.

Nutrition

Foods to eat:

  • Low glycemic diet such as fruit, vegetables, pulses, fish etc
  • Foods rich in Omega-3 fatty acids such as canola oil, cod liver oil, flaxseed oil and mustard oil

Foods to avoid:

  • High glycemic load diet, such as chocolates, sugary foods, white rice
  • Dairy products such as white bread, milk, cheese

Prevention

  • Wash face twice daily
  • Avoid contact with greasy and oily substances
  • Protect skin from sun by applying moisturizers and sunscreens
  • Avoid friction and pressure on the skin
  • Do not touch, prick, or scratch the affected area
  • Shower after strenuous activities
  • Get adequate rest and sleep
  • Avoid foods that trigger/worsen acne



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